Head-lamp.



C. MOHU.

HEAD LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 22. 1916.

Patented Mar. 25,1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

C. MORU.

HEAD LAMP. APPLICATION FILED NOV-22.19l6.

Patented Mar. 25, 1919 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 UNITED. STATES PATENT oF rcE.

CARL MORU, OF KEN-OSHA, Wisconsin, 'ASSIG-NOR. TO THE BADGER BRASS MFG. 00., orv

KENOSHA, .WISCON SIN, A CORPORATION OF WISCONSIN.

HEAD-LAMP.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Mar. 25, 1919.

Application filed November 22. 1916.- Serial No. l32,7.27=-

. To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CARL'MORU, a citizen of the United States, residing at Kenosha, in the county of Kenosha and State of Wisconsin, have invented certain new and use ful Improvements in Head-Lamps, of which the following is a specification,

My invention relates to improvements in head lamps, and, although capable of many applications, is particularly well adapted for use in connect1on with automobile search lamps of the parabolic type employing an incandescent electric lamp as an illuminant.

Among the salient objects of the invention are, to provide a head lamp in which a parabolic reflector is removably secured 1n the outer casing by improved, novel, and efiicient connecting means so organized that the reflector, while being held securely 1n position, may be quickly removed without the aid of a tool kit; to provide an improved arrangement for detachably. securing the door and glazing" of the lam'p in place; to

provide a construction in which resilient means are employed for maintaining the 1nterior of the lamp sealed against the entrance of dirt, moisture, or injuriousgases; to provide an nnproved construct on n which the glazing 1s detachably secured in the rim of the lamp door; to .provide an'improved head lamp which shall be efiicient,

.simple in design, and economical in construction; and, in general, to provide an improved head lamp of the character re ferred to.

In the drawings, which illustrate my invention as applied to an electric automobile head lamp' of the parabolic reflector type certain parts being broken away Fig. 2 is a section taken on. the line 22 Figure 1 is a front elevation of the lamp,

in Fig. 1;

of Fig. 2;

F ig. 4 is an axial section taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a section taken on the line 5-5 Fig. 6 is a fragmentary section taken on the line G6 of Fig. 1; and

lamp.

Fig. 7 is a section taken on the line 77 of Fig. 4;

Referring to the drawings, 10 represents the outer main casing of the lamp which, as a whole, is supported by a hollow post or prop 11 flanged, as shown at 12, the flanged portion of the prop being soldered to the interior of the casing 10 to render the latter air and moisture proof. The hollow prop 11 is reduced in diameter at its lower end and threaded, as shown at 13, in order to screw into a hollow support (not shown) carried by the vehicle upon which the lamp is mounted. The aperture 1n said hollow prop 11 is of sufficient diameter to accommodate the connector 14: through which electricity is supplied to the In the particular lamp shown and de scribed I employ a pair of la-I'nps,'the lamp 15 being situated in the axis of the parabolic reflector 16 and slidably supported in a hollow sleeve 17, the rear end of which is flanged, as shown at 18, and'secured to the rear end of the casing 10 by soldering or other means. The parabolic reflector 16 is centrally apertured in order to permit free sliding movement of the lamp 15, the base of which passes through said aperture. The

clearly set forth in my United States Pat- 'cnt No. 1,201,405, issued October 17, 1916.

The main or central lamp 15 In y be 0 erated independently of'the subsidiary iluminant 19 and is for the purpose of delivering a parallel or search-light beam when a powerful light is required for driving at high speed over country roads or poorly lighted streets. The subsidiary lamp 19 is located in the upper part of the reflector cavity and a substantial distance from the focal axis of the parabolic reflector so that the light emanating therefrom will be diffused and not concentrated in the form of a beam, a high-powered beam of light being objectionable and illegal in many densely populated communities;

I Describing the means for supporting the subsidiary lamp 19 in the reflector, the base 20 of said lamp is of the Ediswan type, fitting within a sleeve 21secured as by soldering in an aperture intheupper porand' the other terminal of-the filament is connected to 'a central contactplate "or button 22 carried by the rear end of said base 20 and engagingthe head 'of'a plunger'screw .23. The. rear end of said plunger screw is screwed into a connectingfblock 24 in;

which is seated the end of a supplywire 25.

- The lamp 19 is securely held in positionin -nal"diameter of the flange 33. integrally its socket 21, and an eflicient'contact is obtained between the plunger screw 23 and the 'contactp late 22,-by means of a a coil spring :26 surrounding the plunger screw 23. The central-position of the front end of the plunger screw 23 is maintained by means of an insulating washer 27 around the-neck of.

said screw and loosely fitting the interior of'the sleeve 21, and the .rear end of the spring 26 pushes against another insulating washer 28, which is secured in position over the rear end of the sleeve 21 by means of a threaded, flanged ferrule 29 screwed over the outside-ofthe rear end of said sleeve 21. The outer insulating'disk 30 prevents improper contact between the connectin block 24 and the flange of the said metal errule member 29. .1 1 I I Describing the means for rigidly securing the parabolic-reflector 16 in the casing 10,

the latter is cylindrical in shape'for a short distance at its front end,"as shown at 31,

the front'end of said cylindrical portion terminatingin'a radially and inwardly proj ecta ing flange 32. The internal diameter of said flange 32' is substantially less than the-exterformed on theffront end ofthe ,parabolic re admitting a correspondingnumber of hohkshaped lugs'34 formed as integral parts of "portions 47 extending inwardly and radi.

flector. 16,so-as to; provide a seat for the re-i flector flange, andithere are also perforated' in the flange 32 of "the casing 'a seriesof apertures (in this case three) capable. of

the reflector flange-33. The said-lugs34 are bent-da n from the flange of the reflector so as to lie arallel with the cylindrical" por-g tion 31 of the outer casing-and are connected to the flange 33 by means of offset neck portions 353 In order to insert the reflec.

tor in the casing, the reflector is held in such position thatthe lugs 34 register with-the apertures 36 in the casin'g 'flange 32, the-reflector is then pushed inwardly in, an axial: direction until the reflector flange is" seated upon the casing flange, after which a slight twisting movement of the reflector 'withref-- erence to the casing brings the hook portions .37 of the lugs 34 under the metal of the casing flange 32, thereby preventing relative axial movement of the reflector and easing.

or casing of the lamp,'-inthe' hollow space .of said door frame I secure, by'soldering porin any other manner, a plurality in'this members 44 are bent in such shape as to lampcasing must be apertured along its cir- In order to prevent possible displacement, of the reflector in the casing, consequent upon accidental twistin'g'movementof the. re-

flector, 'I insert in-theback end of one of clip or looking member 38.--Said slip 38 is formed .of a single piece of flat-spring metal and has two integrally connected spring limbs 39' and 40 which normally tend to asthe perforations 36, behind the lug-34, a

sunie' the position shown in Fig. 3. vWhen the clip 38 is inserted in one of the apertures 36, the limbs 39 \and- 40 are forced toward one another byreason of the fact that the slot 36 isnarrowerthanthe normal distance between the arms 39 and-40, and when the clipis pushed home, theslightbend or crook :41 in the lesser limb 39 is effectivein pre- ;venting withdrawal of the clip to unlock the material, such as glass, which is mounted in i M and carried by' an annular door frame 43 The shape-of the cross-section of said door frame is shown best in Figs. 4. and 5, aiid, preferably for themaj or portion of. its crosssection, constitutes=the arc of acircle, thus furnishing anotnamental-trim around the glazing opening.- The front or inner edge of l the door frame 43 is slightly less in diameter than the front diameter of the reflector cav-- *ity and isidirectly engaged by the front face of the glazing 42, while the rear edge of the door frame 43 is reversely bent to form a flange slidably fitting around the slidable portion 31 of the reflector casing. Describingthe mean's for locking the door frame carrying the glazing to the mainbody case three) of hook members 44 constructed of relatively heavy strap metal. Said hook provide portions 45 extending substantially parallel to the axis ofthe lamp, intermediateradially projecting parts 46, and rear end ally, said last named portions 47 constituting the actual. hooksof the hook members. The

"when the door carrying said hook portions 47 is moved inwardly in an axial direction Obviously, the cylindrical portionofthei" casing communicating with each other and" in effect constituting notches in the rim of the casing. As shown in Fig, 2, said notches 49'are made L-shaped so as to permit a twisting of the door with reference to the casing after the latter parts have been brought togther, the hook portions 47 moving into the circumferentialportions 50 of said L-shaped openings, thereby preventing axial separation of the door and the casing.

Preferably, in order to prevent accidental displacement of the door with reference to the casing, to allow for inaccuracies in'mech'anical construction, and to force the door and glazing resiliently toward the reflector,

I employ spring means interposed between the hook portions 47 and the casing. Said resilient means take the form of heavy wire springs 51, the rear ends of which are suitably bent to enable the springs 51 to be secured to the inside of the rim of the casing by means of claw-shapedclamps 52 and bolts 53. The front ends of said springs 51 extend along the inside of the cylindrical portion of the casing and are'reversely bent in. the shape of elongated Us, the terminal that the frontarm of the U bears strongly against the hook portions 47 and thus forces the door firmly toward the reflector, the bow or offset 54 in the spring preventing accidental displacement of the door. When applying thedoor to the casing and rotating the door to make the lugs 47. enterthe circumferential slots 50, the entrance of the hook members 47 is facilitated by a slight curvature or bend 55 on the "ends of the spring 51. V

In order effectually-to seal the reflecto cavity against the entrance of dirt, moisture, or noxious vapors, I prefer to interpose between the flange 33 of the reflector and the glazing 42 an annular gasket 56 of some suitable pliable material, .such as resilient paper. For convenience in handling the various parts of the lamp, the glazing 42 and the gasket 56 are both secured to and form parts of the door, the frame of which is the annular part 43, as before described. Describing the means for holding the gas ket and the glazing securely in the frame 43 of the door, 57 is a metal clip which,

throughout a portion of its length; is channel-shaped in cross-section and has an inward extension 58 which rests upon the inner face of the gasket 56. The gasket is on its outer circumference slightly notched out to accommodate a plurality (in this case three) of the said clips 57, the channel portions of the clips extending into sa1d notches I while fitting over and being supported by the intermediate radial portions .46 of the hook portions 44. The clips 57 which thus hold the glazing and gasket in position in the door'frame 43, are themselves securely held in position by means of spring wire 'mem'bers'59, the central portions of which extend under partially punched out arches 60 in the tops of the clips '57.. The springs 59 are each provided with a pair of arms terminating in eyes 61 which engage behind the narrow reverse flange 62 of the door frame, the normal or unflexed shape of said springs 59 being such that when inserted in the position shown in Fig. 7-, they exert con-.

siderable pressure upon the clips and hold them securely in place.

. The described details of construction are merely illustrative of a specific application of my'invention, the scope of which must be determined by reference to the appended claims.

I claim- 1. In a lamp of the class described, the combination of an outer bowl-shaped casing, a parabolic reflector coaxial' with and nested within said casing, the casing being provided with a flange intermediate the casing and the reflector, a flat circumferentiallyextending necked member on the other part cooperating with said flange to secure said parts together, said flange being circumferentially cut away to admit the head of'said necked member, said reflector and easing being adapted to be locked together by relative circumferential movement, and a member insertible in said out behind said neck to prevent relative reverse circumferential movement of said parts. i r

2. Ina lamp of the clam described, the combination of an outer bowl-shaped casing,

, a parabolic reflector coaxial Withand nested within said casing, the casing being provided w1th a flange intermediate casing and the casing, a flat circumferentially extending necked member on the other part cooperating withsaid flange to secure said parts together, sa1d flange being circumferentially cut away to admit the head of said necked member, said casing and casing being adapted to be locked together by relative circumferential movement, and a removable self-retaining spring clip inse'rtible in said cut behind said neck to prevent relative reverse circumferential movement of said parts.

- 3. In a lam) of the class described, the combination 0 an outer bowl-shaped casing provided with an inwardly extending flange, a parabolic reflector nested within said casing and provided with an outwardly extending flange lapping the casing flange, said reflector flange being formed with an inwardly projecting circumferentially extending necked ear, the casing flange being cut away. circumferentially to admit said ear, the reflector and easing being capable of relative circumferential rotary movement to cause the head of said necked ear to engage I facing" annular seatfor a glazing, -a"glazing behind the casing flange, and means for. preventing a reverse relative movement of said door frame and overlapping saidglazing,

a compression spring interposed between said clip and the [rear part of said door frame for maintaining said glazingin engagement with said seat, a gasketlinterposed;

between said glazing and said clip, a'casing upon which the door frame is, slidable, aloose bayonet connection between the frame and casing, and means to talie up' the loose connection. r I

5. In a lamp of the' class described, the

combination of an annular door frame,--the cross-section of 531d annular .door. frame being such as to provide a front-inwardly on said seat, a clip supported in the annular door frame and overlapping said glazing, a

compression sprlng-interposed. between sald clip and the rear part of said door frame for maintaining said glazing in engagement with said seat, a gasket interposed between said glazing andsaid clip, said clip being mechanically locked to said annular door to prevent circumferential movement of said clip on said door frame, a casing over which the door fits, a'bayonet'connection between the door and casing, and yielding meansto hold the connection tightly. P

6. In a lamp of the class described, the

combination of an annular door frame, the

cross-section of said annular door frame being such as to provlde a rear seat and'a' front inwardly facing annular seat .for a glazing, a glazing on said seat, a clip supported in-the annular door frame, andv a two-arm wire spring/interposed between said clip and the rear part of said door frame for maintaining said glazing in engagement with said seat, the ends of both of said arms being supported by one of said seats. I

7. In a'lamp," an outer casing and an in ner parabolic reflector; a bayonet joint at their outer edgescomprising a plurality of slits in' the casing, and undercut lugs on' the reflector insertible in the'slits and rotatable With the reflector to engage the undercut portions; and a removable spring clip insertible in one'of the slitsbehind the lug to prevent reverse rotation of the reflector,

.8. In a lamp, an outer casing, an inner parabolic reflector, means forming a bayonet joint at their outer edges, a removable locking clip to "prevent relative movement of the casing and reflector, an annular door extending over said outer'edges, a glazing seated in said door, springpressed clips to press the glazing on its seat; means including bayonet slots in saidcasing and loosefitting hook members on the door engaging and rotatable in "the slots for fastening the door. on the casing, andra U-s'haped spring one extremity of which is attached 'to'the inside of the casing and the other is formed with a bow and lies substantially "parallel with the bayonet slot in the casing to engage the said hook members to prevent their disengagement and to draw them tightly in the slotswhereby the' door will be vdrawn in wardly toward the reflector.

. 9. Ina lamp of the class described, an outer casing an annular door frame, a glaz- 'ing overlapped on the outer, side by- .the

frame, means in connection withthe frame for supporting the glazing in the-framaareflectorin the casing having its outer: edge adjacent the ins'ideof the glazing, a 10 'se Y bayonet joint between'the casing anti-Encor frame", and a spring in connection withf the j casing for-drawing the frame inwardly and the glazing against the edge of the reflector 10. In a lamp of the class described; artouter casing, an annular door frame,- bayo'net slots in'the casin -b onet projections from g the frame whlch fit theslots loosely, and;

spring attached to the inside of the casing and lying substantially parallel with the bayonet slot and adapted to engage the bayonet projections pressing them inwardly to take up the loose connection 'and'to hold the projections yield-ingly in the slots,

11. In a lamp of the class described, an

outercasing, an annular door frame, bayonet slots in the casing, bayonet projections from the frame which fit theslots loosely, a U- shaped spring with an angular part at one end, theother end being adapted tofengage and draw the projection in the slot, and a fastening-claw to engage the angular part of the spring for holding it'in the casing. i

' '12. In alamp of the class described, an outer casing, an inner reflector secured to the casing with an outer peripheral edge, a glalzing in front of the'refiector, a gasket at the inner edge of-the glazing, a frame engaging the outer edge of the glazing and slidable over the casing, a loose bayonet joint including slots in the casing and projections from the frame, and a U-shaped spring attached at one end to the casing and the other end engaging the bayonet projectors to confine it in the slot and to draw frame up tightly with the said washer against the edge of the reflector 'to make a tight connection.

CARL Mono. i 

